Publications 1990-1999
684."Bis-o-diynylarene (BODA) Derived Polynaphthalenes as Precursors to Glassy Carbon Microstructures", Shah, H. V., Brittain, S. T., Huang, Q., Hwu, S.-J., Whitesides, G. M. and Smith, D. W., Chem. Mat., 1999, 11, 2623-2625.

683."Exposure of Self-Assembled Monolayers to Highly Charged Ions and Metastable Atoms", Ratliff, L. P., Minniti, R., Bard, A., Bell, E. W., Gillaspy, J. D., Parks, D., Black, A. J. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1999, 75, 590-592.

682."Fabrication of Ordered Two-Dimensional Arrays of Micro- and Nanoparticles Using Patterned Self-Assembled Monolayers as Templates", Qin, D., Xia, Y., Xu, B., Yang, H., Zhu, C. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1999, 11, 1433-1437.

681."Non-Statistical Binding of a Protein to Clustered Carbohydrates", Horan, N., Yan, L., Isobe, H., Whitesides, G. M. and Kahne, D., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 1999, 96, 11782-11786.

680."Selectivities among Capillary Bonds in Mesoscale Self-Assembly", Wu, H., Bowden, N. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1999, 75, 3222-3224.

679."The Controlled Formation of Ordered, Sinusoidal Structures by Plasma Oxidation of an Elastomeric Polymer", Bowden, N., Huck, W., Paul, K. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1999, 75, 2557-2559.

678."Patterned Polymer Growth on Silicon Surfaces Using Microcontact Printing and Surface-Initiated Polymerization", Jeon, N. L., Choi, I., Kim, N., Laibinis, P., Harada, Y., Finnie, K. R., Girolami, G. S., Nuzzo, R. G. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1999, 75, 4201-4203.

677."Patterning Proteins and Cells using Soft Lithography", Kane, R. S., Takayama, S., Ostuni, E., Ingber, D. E. and Whitesides, G. M., Biomaterials, 1999, 20, 2363-2376.

676."Correlations Between the Charge of Proteins and the Number of Ionizable Groups They Incorporate: Studies Using Protein Charge Ladders, Capillary Electrophoresis, and Debye-Hückel Theory", Carbeck, J. D., Colton, I. J., Anderson, J. R., Deutch, J. M. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1999, 121, 10671-10679.

675."Fabrication of Photonic Crystal Lasers by Nanomolding of Sol-Gel Glasses", Schueller, O. J. A., Whitesides, G. M., Rogers, J. A., Meier, M. and Dodabalapur, A., Appl. Opt., 1999, 38, 5799-5802.

674."Macroscopic, Hierarchical Two-Dimensional Self-Assembly", Choi, I. S., Bowden, N. B. and Whitesides, G. M., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 1999, 38, 3078-3081.

673."Patterned Polymer Multilayers as Etch Resists", Huck, W. T. S., Yan, L., Stroock, A., Haag, R. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1999, 15, 6862-6867.

672."Using Patterns in Microfiche as Photomasks in 10-mm-Scale Microfabrication", Deng, T., Tien, J., Xu, B. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1999, 15, 6575-6581.

671."Patterning Disorder in Monolayer Resists for the Fabrication of Sub-100-nm Structures in Silver, Gold, Silicon, and Aluminum", Black, A. J., Paul, K. E., Aizenberg, J. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1999, 121, 8356-8365.

670."Complexity in Chemistry", Whitesides, G. M. and Ismagilov, R. F., Science, 1999, 284, 89-92.

669."Making Negative Poisson's Ratio Microstructures by Soft Lithography", Xu, B., Arias, F., Brittain, S. T., Zhao, X.-M., Grzybowski, B., Torquato, S. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1999, 11, 1186-1189.

668."Microfabrication inside Capillaries Using Multiphase Laminar Flow Patterning", Kenis, P. J. A., Ismagilov, R. F. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1999, 285, 83-85.

667."Patterning Cells and Their Environments Using Multiple Laminar Fluid Flows in Capillary Networks", Takayama, S., McDonald, J. C., Ostuni, E., Liang, M. N., Kenis, P. J. A., Ismagilov, R. F. and Whitesides, G. M., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 1999, 96, 5545-5548.

666."Design and Self-Assembly of Open, Regular 3D Mesostructures", Breen, T. L., Tien, J., Oliver, S. R. J., Hadzic, T. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1999, 284, 948-951.

665."Large-Area Patterning by Vacuum-Assisted Micromolding", Jeon, N. L., Choi, I. S., Xu, B. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1999, 11, 946-950.

664."Electrical Breakdown of Aliphatic and Aromatic Self-Assembled Monolayers Used as Nanometer-Thick Organic Dielectrics", Haag, R., Rampi, M. A., Holmlin, R. E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1999, 121, 7895-7906.

663."Binding of a Dimeric Derivative of Vancomycin with L-Lys-D-Ala-D-lactate in Solution and at a Surface", Rao, J., Yan, L., Lahiri, J., Whitesides, G. M., Weis, R. M. and Warren, H. S., Chem. Biol., 1999, 6, 353-359.

662."Geometric Control of Switching Between Growth, Apoptosis, and Differentiation During Angiogenesis Using Micropatterned Substrates", Dike, L. E., Chen, C. S., Mrksich, M., Tien, J., Whitesides, G. M. and Ingber, D. E., In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol., 1999, 35, 441-448.

661."Rapid Prototyping of Microfluidic Switches in Poly(dimethyl siloxane) and Their Actuation by Electroosmotic Flow", Duffy, D. C., Schueller, O. J. A., Brittain, S. T. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Micromechan. Microeng., 1999, 9, 211-217.

660."Electrochemistry and Soft Lithography: A Route to 3-D Microstructures", Jackman, R. J. and Whitesides, G. M., CHEMTECH, 1999, 29, 18-30.

659."Oriented Growth of Calcite Controlled by Self-Assembled Monolayers of Functionalized Alkanethiols Supported on Gold and Silver", Aizenberg, J., Black, A. J. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1999, 121, 4500-4509.

658."Long-Range Electrostatic Contributions to Protein-Ligand Binding Estimated Using Protein Charge Ladders, Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis, and Continuum Electrostatic Theory", Caravella, J. A., Carbeck, J. D., Duffy, D. C., Whitesides, G. M. and Tidor, B., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1999, 121, 4340-4347.

657."Thermally Actuated Interferometric Sensors Based on the Thermal Expansion of Transparent Elastomeric Media", Grzybowski, B. A., Brittain, S. T. and Whitesides, G. M., Rev. Sci. Instrum., 1999, 70, 2031-2037.

656."Formation of Patterned Microstructures of Conducting Polymers by Soft Lithography and Applications in Microelectronic Device Fabrication", Beh, W. S., Kim, I. T., Qin, D., Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1999, 11, 1038-1041.

655."Using Elastomeric Membranes as Dry Resists and for Dry Lift-Off", Jackman, R. J., Duffy, D. C., Cherniavskaya, O. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1999, 15, 2973-2984.

654."Probing the Energetics of Dissociation of Carbonic Anhydrase-Ligand Complexes in the Gas Phase", Gao, J., Wu, Q., Carbeck, J., Lei, Q. P., Smith, R. D. and Whitesides, G. M., Biophys. J., 1999, 76, 3253-3260.

653."Mesoscale Self-Assembly of Hexagonal Plates Using Lateral Capillary Forces: Synthesis Using the 'Capillary Bond'", Bowden, N., Choi, I. S., Grzybowski, B. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1999, 121, 5373-5391.

652."Biospecific Binding of Carbonic Anhydrase to Mixed SAMs Presenting Benzenesulfonamide Ligands: A Model System for Studying Lateral Steric Effects", Lahiri, J., Isaacs, L., Grzybowski, B., Carbeck, J. D. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1999, 15, 7186-7198.

651."Making Honeycomb Microcomposites by Soft Lithography", Xu, B., Arias, F. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1999, 11, 492-495.

650."The Interaction of Proteins and Cells with Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiolates on Gold and Silver", Ostuni, E., Yan, L. and Whitesides, G. M., Colloid Surfaces B, 1999, 15, 3-30.

649."Biological Surface Engineering: A Simple System for Cell Pattern Formation", Zhang, S., Yan, L., Altman, M., Lässle, M., Nugent, H., Frankel, F., Lauffenburger, D. A., Whitesides, G. M. and Rich, A., Biomater., 1999, 1213-1220.

648."Patterning Electroluminescent Materials at Feature Sizes as Small as 5 µm Using Elastomeric Membranes as Masks for Dry Lift-Off", Duffy, D. C., Jackman, R. J., Vaeth, K. M., Jensen, K. F. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1999, 11, 546-552.

647."Unconventional Methods for Fabricating and Patterning Nanostructures", Xia, Y., Rogers, J. A., Paul, K. E. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Rev., 1999, 99, 1823-1848.

646."Predicting Crystalline Packing Arrangements of Molecules That Form Hydrogen-Bonded Tapes", Chin, D. N., Palmore, G. T. R. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1999, 121, 2115-2122.

645."Patterning Ligands on Reactive SAMs by Microcontact Printing", Lahiri, J., Ostuni, E. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1999, 15, 2055-2060.

644."A Strategy for the Generation of Surfaces Presenting Ligands for Studies of Binding Based on an Active Ester as a Common Reactive Intermediate: A Surface Plasmon Resonance Study", Lahiri, J., Isaacs, L., Tien, J. and Whitesides, G. M., Anal. Chem., 1999, 71, 777-790.

643."Microcontact Printing of Alkanephosphonic Acids on Aluminum: Pattern Transfer by Wet Chemical Etching", Goetting, L. B., Deng, T. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1999, 15, 1182-1191.

642."Fabrication of Arrays of Schottky Diodes Using Microtransfer Molding", Hu, J., Deng, T., Beck, R. G., Westervelt, R. M. and Whitesides, G. M., Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 1999, 75, 65-69.

641."Microfabrication of Half-Wave Rectifier Circuits Using Soft Lithography", Deng, T., Goetting, L. B., Hu, J. and Whitesides, G. M., Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 1999, 75, 60-64.

640."Self-Assembly of Hydrogen-Bonded Polymeric Rods Based on the Cyanuric AcidoMelamine Lattice", Choi, I. S., Li, X., Simanek, E. E., Akaba, R. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Mat., 1999, 11, 684-690.

639."Beam Redirection and Frequency Filtering with Transparent Elastomeric Diffractive Elements", Grzybowski, B. A., Qin, D. and Whitesides, G. M., Optics Lett., 1999, 38, 2997-3002.

638."Three-Dimensional Metallic Microstructures Fabricated by Soft Lithography and Microelectrodeposition", Jackman, R. J., Brittain, S. T., Adams, A., Wu, H., Prentiss, M. G., Whitesides, S. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1999, 15, 826-836.

637."Patterning Thin Films of Poly(ethylene imine) on a Reactive SAM Using Microcontact Printing", Yan, L., Huck, W. T. S., Zhao, X.-M. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1999, 15, 1208-1214.

636."Control of Crystal Nucleation by Patterned Self-Assembled Monolayers", Aizenberg, J., Black, A. J. and Whitesides, G. M., Nature, 1999, 398, 495-498.

635."Fabrication of Liquid-Core Waveguides by Soft Lithography", Schueller, O. J. A., Zhao, X.-M., Whitesides, G. M., Smith, S. P. and Prentiss, M., Adv. Mater., 1999, 11, 37-41.

634."Micropatterned Surfaces for Control of Cell Shape, Position, and Function", Chen, C. S., Mrksich, M., Huang, S., Whitesides, G. M. and Ingber, D. E., Biotech. Prog., 1999, 14, 356-363.

633."Fabrication of Glassy Carbon Microstructures by Soft Lithography", Schueller, O. J. A., Brittain, S. T. and Whitesides, G. M., Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 1999, 72, 125-139.

632."Reconfigurable Diffraction Gratings Based on Elastomeric Microfluidic Devices", Schueller, O. J. A., Duffy, D. C., Rogers, J. A., Brittain, S. T. and Whitesides, G. M., Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 1999, 78, 149-159.

631."Shape-Selective Recognition and Self-Assembly of mm-Scale Components", Choi, I. S., Bowden, N. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem Soc., 1999, 121, 1754-1755.

630."Self-Assembling Systems on Scales from Nanometers to Millimeters: Design and Discovery", Isaacs, L., Chin, D. N., Bowden, N., Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., in Supramolecular Materials and Technologies, D. N. Reinhoudt, Ed., John Wiley & Sons Ltd., New York, 1999, 1-46.

629."Strategies for the Design and Assembly of Hydrogen-bonded Aggregates in the Solid State", Chin, D. N., Zerkowski, J. A., MacDonald, J. C. and Whitesides, G. M., in Organised Molecular Assemblies in the Molecular Solid State, J. K. Whitesell, Ed., Wiley and Sons, London (Chichester), 1999, 185-253.

628."Self-Assembly and Self-Assembled Monolayers in Micro- and Nanofabrication", Wilbur, J. L. and Whitesides, G. M., in Nanotechnology, G. Timp, Ed., Springer-Verlag, New York, 1999, 331-369.

627."Using Surface Plasmon Resonance to Study the Binding of Vancomycin and Its Dimer to Self-Assembled Monolayers Presenting D-Ala-D-Ala", Rao, J., Yan, L., Xu, B. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1999, 121, 2629-2630.

626."Hierarchically Ordered Oxides", Yang, P., Deng, T., Zhao, D., Feng, P., Pine, D., Chmelka, B. F., Whitesides, G. M. and Stucky, G. D., Science, 1998, 282, 2244-2246.

625."Generation of Micrometer-Sized Patterns for Microanalytical Applications Using a Laser Direct-Write Method and Microcontact Printing", Grzybowski, B. A., Haag, R., Bowden, N. and Whitesides, G. M., Anal. Chem., 1998, 70, 4645-4652.

624."Maskless Lithography: Embossed Photoresist as its Own Optical Element", Paul, K. E., Breen, T. L., Aizenberg, J. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1998, 73, 2893-2895.

623."Using Self-Assembled Monolayers to Pattern ECM Proteins and Cells on Substrates", Chen, C. S., Ostuni, E., Whitesides, G. M. and Ingber, D. E., in Methods in Molecular Biology: Extracellular Matrix Protocols, C. Streuli, Ed., Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, 1998, 209-219.

622."Crystallization of Millimeter-Scale Objects with Use of Capillary Forces", Tien, J., Breen, T. L. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1998, 120, 12670-12671.

621."Rapid Prototyping of Microfluidic Systems in Poly(dimethylsiloxane)", Duffy, D. C., McDonald, J. C., Schueller, O. J. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Anal. Chem., 1998, 70, 4974-4984.

620."Three-Dimensional Mesoscale Self-Assembly", Huck, W. T. S., Tien, J. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1998, 120, 8267-8268.

619."Controlling Local Disorder in Self-Assembled Monolayers by Patterning the Topology of Their Metallic Supports", Aizenberg, J., Black, A. J. and Whitesides, G. M., Nature, 1998, 394, 868-871.

618."Patterning a Preformed, Reactive SAM Using Microcontact Printing", Yan, L., Zhao, X.-M. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1998, 120, 6179-6180.

617."Placeholder-No publication with this call number",,, 1998.,, 1998.

616."Spontaneous Formation of Ordered Structures in Thin Films of Metals Supported on an Elastomeric Polymer", Bowden, N., Brittain, S., Evans, A. G., Hutchinson, J. W. and Whitesides, G. M., Nature, 1998, 393, 146-149.

615."Correlation Between the Charge of Proteins in Solution and in the Gas Phase Investigated by Protein Charge Ladders, Capillary Electrophoresis, and Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry", Carbeck, J. D., Severs, J. C., Gao, J., Wu, Q., Smith, R. D. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Phys. Chem. B, 1998, 102, 10596-10601.

614."A Trivalent System from VancomycinoD-Ala-D-Ala with Higher Affinity Than AvidinoBiotin", Rao, J., Lahiri, J., Isaacs, L., Weis, R. M. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1998, 280, 708-711.

613."Design and Fabrication of Topologically Complex, Three-Dimensional Microstructures", Jackman, R. J., Brittain, S. T., Adams, A., Prentiss, M. G. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1998, 280, 2089-2091.

612."Fabricating Large Arrays of Microwells with Arbitrary Dimensions and Filling Them Using Discontinuous Dewetting", Jackman, R. J., Duffy, D. C., Ostuni, E., Willmore, N. D. and Whitesides, G. M., Anal. Chem., 1998, 70, 2280-2287.

611."Alkanethiol Self-Assembled Monolayers as the Dielectric of Capacitors with Nanoscale Thickness", Rampi, M. A., Schueller, O. J. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1998, 72, 1781-1783.

610."The Adhesion Energy between Polymer Thin Films and Self-Assembled Monolayers", Zhuk, A. V., Evans, A. G., Hutchinson, J. W. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Mater. Res., 1998, 13, 3555-3564.

609."Soft lithography and microfabrication", Brittain, S., Paul, K., Zhao, X.-M. and Whitesides, G., Physics World, 1998, 11, 31-36.

608."Regulation of Protrusion Shape and Adhesion to the Substratum During Chemotactic Responses of Mammalian Carcinoma Cells", Bailly, M., Yan, L., Whitesides, G. M., Condeelis, J. S. and Segall, J. E., Exp. Cell Res., 1998, 241, 285-299.

607."The Use of Soft Lithography to Fabricate Arrays of Schottky Diodes", Hu, J., Beck, R. G., Westervelt, R. M. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1998, 10, 574-577.

606."Studying How Different Terminal Groups Change the Motion of H2NSO2C6H4CONH(EG)3R When Bound to the Active Site of Human Carbonic Anhydrase II", Chin, D. N., Lau, A. Y. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1998, 63, 938-945.

605."Thermally-Actuated Reflection Mode Asymmetric Fabry-Perot Modulator Utilizing a Thin Transparent Elastomeric Film", Rogers, J. A., Schueller, O. J. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1998, 72, 1951-1953.

604."Soft Lithography", Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., Annu. Rev. Mater. Sci., 1998, 28, 153-184.

603."Protein Charge Ladders, Capillary Electrophoresis, and the Role of Electrostatics in Biomolecular Recognition", Carbeck, J. D., Colton, I. J., Gao, J. and Whitesides, G. M., Acc. Chem. Res., 1998, 31, 343-350.

602."Imaging profiles of light intensity in the near field: applications to phase-shift photolithography", Aizenberg, J., Rogers, J. A., Paul, K. E. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Optics, 1998, 37, 2145-2152.

601."Fabrication of microstructures using shrinkable polystyrene films", Zhao, X.-M., Xia, Y., Schueller, O., Qin, D. and Whitesides, G. M., Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 1998, 65, 209-217.

600."Affinity capillary electrophoresis: A physical-organic tool for studying interactions in biomolecular recognition", Colton, I. J., Carbeck, J. D., Rao, J. and Whitesides, G. M., Electrophoresis, 1998, 19, 367-382.

599."Molecular Conformation in Oligo(ethylene glycol)-Terminated Self-Assembled Monolayers on Gold and Silver Surfaces Determines Their Ability to Resist Protein Adsorption", Harder, P., Grunze, M., Dahint, R., Whitesides, G. M. and Laibinis, P., J. Phys. Chem. B, 1998, 102, 426-436.

598."Polyvalent Interactions in Biological Systems: Implications for Design and Use of Multivalent Ligands and Inhibitors", Mammen, M., Choi, S.-K. and Whitesides, G. M., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 1998, 37, 2755-2794.

597."Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Microstructures by Electrochemically Welding Structures Formed by Microcontact Printing on Planar and Curved Substrates", Jackman, R. J., Brittain, S. T. and Whitesides, G. M., J. MEMS, 1998, 7, 261-266.

596."Generating ~90 nanometer features using near-field contact-mode photolithography with an elastomeric phase mask", Rogers, J. A., Paul, K. E., Jackman, R. J. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 1998, 16, 59-68.

595."Using Mixed Self-Assembled Monolayers Presenting RGD and (EG)3OH Groups To Characterize Long-Term Attachment of Bovine Capillary Endothelial Cells to Surfaces", Roberts, C., Chen, C. S., Mrksich, M., Martichonok, V., Ingber, D. E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1998, 120, 6548-6555.

594."Self-Assembly of an Operating Electrical Circuit Based on Shape Complementarity and the Hydrophobic Effect", Terfort, A. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1998, 10, 470-473.

593."Estimating the Entropic Cost of Self-Assembly of Multiparticle Hydrogen-Bonded Aggregates Based on the Cyanuric AcidoMelamine Lattice", Mammen, M., Shakhnovich, E. I., Deutch, J. M. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1998, 63, 3821-3830.

592."Use of Electroless Silver as the Substrate in Microcontact Printing of Alkanethiols, and Its Application in Microfabrication", Xia, Y., Venkateswaran, N., Qin, D., Tien, J. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1998, 14, 363-371.

591."Soft Lithography", Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 1998, 37, 550-575.

590."Microcontact Printing of SAMs", Tien, J., Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., in Thin Films, A. Ulman, Ed., Academic Press, New York, 1998, 24, 227-253.

589."Quantifying distortions in soft lithography", Rogers, J. A., Paul, K. E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 1998, 16, 88-97.

588."Phase separation of ultrathin polymer-blend films on patterned substrates", Karim, A., Douglas, J. F., Lee, B. P., Glotzer, S. C., Rogers, J. A., Jackman, R. J., Amis, E. J. and Whitesides, G. M., Phys. Rev. E., 1998, 57, R6273-R6276.

587."Patterning of a polysiloxane precursor to silicate glasses by microcontact printing", Marzolin, C., Terfort, A., Tien, J. and Whitesides, G. M., Thin Solid Films, 1998, 315, 9-12.

586."Fabrication of Glass Microstructures by Micro-Molding of Sol-Gel Precursors", Marzolin, C., Smith, S. P., Prentiss, M. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1998, 10, 571-574.

585."Using a Convenient, Quantitative Model for Torsional Entropy To Establish Qualitative Trends for Molecular Processes That Restrict Conformational Freedom", Mammen, M., Shakhnovich, E. I. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1998, 63, 3168-3175.

584."Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis: Using Capillary Electrophoresis to Study the Interactions of Proteins with Ligands", Gao, J., Mrksich, M., Mammen, M. and Whitesides, G. M., in High Performance Capillary Electrophoresis: Theory, Techniques, and Applications, M. G. Khaledi, Ed., John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1998, 146, 947-972.

583."Photolithography with transparent reflective photomasks", Qin, D., Xia, Y., Black, A. J. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 1998, 16, 98-103.

582."Effect of Surface Wettability on the Adsorption of Proteins and Detergents", Sigal, G. B., Mrksich, M. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1998, 120, 3464-3473.

581."Microfabrication, Microstructures and Microsystems", Qin, D., Xia, Y., Rogers, J. A., Jackman, R. J., Zhao, X.-M. and Whitesides, G. M., in Microsystem Technology in Chemistry and Life Sciences, A. Manz and H. Becker, Eds., Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1998, 194, 1-20.

580."A methanol/dioxygen biofuel cell that uses NAD+-dependent dehydrogenases as catalysts: application of an electro-enzymatic method to regenerate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide at low overpotentials", Palmore, G. T. R., Bertschy, H., Bergens, S. H. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Electroanal. Chem., 1998, 443, 155-161.

579."On the Surface of Things: Images of the Extraordinary in Science", Frankel, F. and Whitesides, G. M., Chronicle Books, San Francisco, 1997.

578."Selective Deposition of Conducting Polymers on Hydroxyl-Terminated Surfaces with Printed Monolayers of Alkylsiloxanes as Templates", Huang, Z., Wang, P.-C., MacDiarmid, A. G., Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1997, 13, 6480-6484.

577."Microfabrication Through Electrostatic Self-Assembly", Tien, J., Terfort, A. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1997, 13, 5349-5355.

576."Tight Binding of a Dimeric Derivative of Vancomycin with Dimeric L-Lys-D-Ala-D-Ala", Rao, J. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1997, 119, 10286-10290.

575."Using Capillary Electrophoresis to Study the Electrostatic Interactions Involved in the Association of D-Ala-D-Ala with Vancomycin", Rao, J., Colton, I. J. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1997, 119, 9336-9340.

574."Geometric Control of Cell Life and Death", Chen, C. S., Mrksich, M., Huang, S., Whitesides, G. M. and Ingber, D. E., Science, 1997, 276, 1425-1428.

573."Demonstration of waveguide couplers fabricated using microtransfer molding", Zhao, X.-M., Smith, S. P., Waldman, S. J., Whitesides, G. M. and Prentiss, M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1997, 71, 1017-1019.

572."Soft Lithographic Methods for Nanofabrication", Zhao, X.-M., Younan, X. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Mat. Chem., 1997, 7, 1069-1074.

571."Fabrication and Characterization of Glassy Carbon MEMS", Schueller, O. J. A., Brittain, S. T., Marzolin, C. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Mat., 1997, 9, 1399-1406.

570."Using Microcontact Printing to Fabricate Microcoils on Capillaries for High Resolution Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance on Nanoliter Volumes", Rogers, J. A., Jackman, R. J., Whitesides, G. M., Olson, D. L. and Sweedler, J. V., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1997, 70, 2464-2466.

569."Microscopic patterning of oriented mesocopic silica through guided growth", Trau, M., Yao, N., Kim, E., Xia, Y., Whitesides, G. M. and Aksay, I. A., Nature, 1997, 390, 674-676.

568."Solvent-Assisted Microcontact Molding: A Convenient Method for Fabricating Three-Dimensional Structures on Surfaces of Polymers", Kim, E., Xia, Y., Zhao, X.-M. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1997, 9, 651-654.

567."Formation of Protein Charge Ladders by Acylation of Amino Groups on Proteins", Colton, I. J., Anderson, J. R., Gao, J., Chapman, R. G., Isaacs, L. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1997, 119, 12701-12709.

566."Formation and Reaction of Interchain Carboxylic Anhydride Groups on Self-Assembled Monolayers on Gold", Yan, L., Marzolin, C., Terfort, A. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1997, 13, 6704-6712.

565."Using Microcontact Printing to Pattern the Attachment of Mammalian Cells to Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiolates on Transparent Films of Gold and Silver", Mrksich, M., Dike, L. E., Tien, J., Ingber, D. E. and Whitesides, G. M., Exp. Cell Res., 1997, 235, 305-313.

564."Elastomeric Light Valves", Qin, D., Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1997, 9, 407-410.

563."Imaging the irradiance distribution in the optical near field", Aizenberg, J., Rogers, J. A., Paul, K. E. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1997, 71, 3773-3775.

562."Nanometer scale patterning and pattern transfer on amorphous Si, crystalline Si, and SiO2 surfaces using self-assembled monolayers", Wang, D., Thomas, S. G., Wang, K. L., Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1997, 70, 1593-1595.

561."Using an elastomeric phase mask for sub-100 nm photolithography in the optical near field", Rogers, J. A., Paul, K. E., Jackman, R. J. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1997, 70, 2658-2660.

560."Fabrication of Glassy Carbon Microstructures by Pyrolysis of Microfabricated Polymeric Precursors", Schueller, O. J. A., Brittain, S. T. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1997, 9, 477-480.

559."Representing Primary Electrophoretic Data in the 1/Time Domain: Comparison to Representations in the Time Domain", Mammen, M., Colton, I. J., Carbeck, J., Bradley, R. and Whitesides, G. M., Anal. Chem., 1997, 69, 2165-2170.

558."Three-dimensional self-assembly of millimetre-scale components", Terfort, A., Bowden, N. and Whitesides, G. M., Nature, 1997, 386, 162-164.

557."Self-Assembly of Mesoscale Objects into Ordered Two-Dimensional Arrays", Bowden, N., Terfort, A., Carbeck, J. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1997, 276, 233-235.

556."Treating Electrostatic Shielding at the Surface of Silica as Discrete SiloxideoCation Interactions", Mammen, M., Carbeck, J., Simanek, E. E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1997, 119, 3469-3476.

555."Using Self-Assembled Monolayers That Present Oligo(ethylene glycol) Groups To Control the Interactions of Proteins with Surfaces", Mrksich, M. and Whitesides, G. M., in Poly(ethylene glycol) Chemistry and Biological Applications, J. M. Harris and S. Zalipsky, Eds., American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1997, 680, 361-373.

554."Using Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy to Measure the Association of Detergents with Self-Assembled Monolayers of Hexadecanethiolate on Gold", Sigal, G. B., Mrksich, M. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1997, 13, 2749-2755.

553."Generation and In Situ Evaluation of Libraries of Poly(Acrylic Acid) Presenting Sialosides as Side Chains as Polyvalent Inhibitors of Influenza-Mediated Hemagglutination", Choi, S.-K., Mammen, M. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1997, 119, 4103-4111.

552."Using Soft Lithography to Fabricate GaAs/AlGaAs Heterostructure Field Effect Transistors", Hu, J., Beck, R. G., Deng, T., Westervelt, R. M., Maranowski, K. D., Gossard, A. C. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1997, 71, 2020-2022.

551."On-Line Detection of Nonspecific Protein Adsorption at Artificial Surfaces", Seigel, R. R., Harder, P., Dahint, R., Grunze, M., Josse, F., Mrksich, M. and Whitesides, G. M., Anal. Chem., 1997, 69, 3321-3328.

550."Fabrication and Characterization of a Concentric, Cylindrical Microtransformer", Jackman, R. J., Rogers, J. A. and Whitesides, G. M., IEEE Trans. Magnetics, 1997, 33, 2501-2503.

549."Extending Microcontact Printing as a Microlithographic Technique", Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1997, 13, 2059-2067.

548."Microcontact Printing and Electroplating on Curved Substrates: A Means for Producing Free-Standing Three-Dimensional Microstructures with Possible Applications Ranging from Micro-Coil Springs to Coronary Stents", Rogers, J. A., Jackman, R. J. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1997, 9, 475-477.

547."Constructing Single- and Multiple-Helical Microcoils and Characterizing Their Performance as Components of Microinductors and Microelectromagnets", Rogers, J. A., Jackman, R. J. and Whitesides, G. M., J. MEMS, 1997, 6, 184-192.

546."Benzimidazolene-2-thiones: A New Class of Molecules for the Engineering of Molecular Tapes in the Organic Solid State", Simanek, E. E., Tsoi, A., Wang, C. C. C., Whitesides, G. M., McBride, M. and Palmore, T. R., Chem. Mat., 1997, 9, 1954-1961.

545."Nanostructure fabrication in silicon using cesium to pattern a self-assembled monolayer", Younkin, R., Berggren, K. K., Johnson, K. S., Prentiss, M., Ralph, D. C. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1997, 71, 1261-1263.

544."A miniaturized arrayed assay format for detecting small molecule-protein interactions in cells", You, A. J., Jackman, R. J., Whitesides, G. M. and Schreiber, S. L., Chem. Biol., 1997, 4, 969-975.

543."Fabrication of Polymeric Microstructures With High Aspect Ratios Using Shrinkable Polystyrene Films", Zhao, X.-M., Xia, Y., Qin, D. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1997, 9, 251-254.

542."Using Protein Charge Ladders to Estimate the Effective Charges and Molecular Weights of Proteins in Solution", Gao, J. and Whitesides, G. M., Anal. Chem., 1997, 69, 575-580.

541."Observation of Diastereomers of the Hydrogen-Bonded Aggregate Hub(M)3o3CA Using 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy When CA Is an Optically-Active Isocyanuric Acid", Simanek, E. E., Qiao, S., Choi, I. S. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1997, 62, 2619-2621.

540."Self-Assembly of Zinc Porphyrins around the Periphery of Hydrogen-Bonded Aggregates that Bear Imidazole Groups", Simanek, E. E., Isaacs, L., Li, X., Wang, C. C. C. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1997, 62, 8994-9000.

539."Replica Molding Using Polymeric Materials: A Practical Step Toward Nanomanufacturing", Xia, Y., McClelland, J. J., Gupta, R., Qin, D., Zhao, X.-M., Sohn, L. L., Celotta, R. J. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1997, 9, 147-149.

538."Demonstration of a Nanolithographic System Using a Self-Assembled Monolayer Resist for Neutral Atomic Cesium", Berggren, K. K., Youkin, R., Cheung, E., Prentiss, M., Black, A. J., Whitesides, G. M., Ralph, D. C., Black, C. T. and Tinkham, M., Adv. Mater., 1997, 9, 52-55.

537."Using Self-Assembled Monolayers to Study the Interactions of Man-Made Materials with Proteins", Merritt, M. V., Mrksich, M. and Whitesides, G. M., in Principles of Tissue Engineering, R. P. Lanza, W. L. Chick and R. Langer, Eds., R. G. Landes Co., Austin, TX, 1997, 211-223.

536."Micro- and Nanofabrication Techniques Based on Self-Assembled Monolayers", Nealey, P. F., Black, A. J., Wilbur, J. L. and Whitesides, G. M., in Molecular Electronics, J. Jortner and M. Ratner, Eds., Blackwell Science, Oxford, 1997, 343-367.

535."Wave-front Engineering by Use of Transparent Elastomeric Optical Elements", Rogers, J. A., Schueller, O. J. A., Marzolin, C. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Optics, 1997, 36, 5792-5795.

534."Studies on a-sialylation using sialyl donors with an auxiliary 3-thiophenyl group", Martichonok, V. and Whitesides, G. M., Carbohyd. Res., 1997, 302, 123-129.

533."Polymorphic Packing Arrangements in a Class of Engineered Organic Crystals", Zerkowski, J. A., MacDonald, J. C. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Mat., 1997, 9, 1933-1941.

532."Hydrogen-Bonded Tapes Based on Symmetrically Substituted Diketopiperazines: A Robust Structural Motif for the Engineering of Molecular Solids", Palacin, S., Chin, D. N., Simanek, E. E., MacDonald, J. C., Whitesides, G. M., McBride, M. T. and Palmore, G. T. R., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1997, 119, 11807-11816.

531."Using microcontact printing to generate amplitude photomasks on the surfaces of optical fibers: A method for producing in-fiber gratings", Rogers, J. A., Jackman, R. J., Whitesides, G. M., Wagner, J. L. and Vengsarkar, A., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1997, 70, 7-9.

530."Self-assembled monolayers exposed by metastable argon and metastable helium for neutral atom lithography and atomic beam imaging", Bard, A., Berggren, K. K., Wilbur, J. L., Gillaspy, J. D., Rolston, S. L., McClelland, J. J., Phillips, W. D., Prentiss, M. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, 1997, 15, 1805-1810.

529."Stimulation of Human Cytotoxic T Cells with HIV-Derived Peptides Presented by Recombinant HLA-A2 Peptide Complexes", Walter, J. B., Brander, C., Mammen, M., Garboczi, D., Kalams, S. A., Whitesides, G. M., Walker, B. and Eisen, H. N., Int. Imm., 1997, 9, 451-459.

528."Computations and 1H NMR Spectroscopy of the Imide Region Can Distinguish Isomers of Hydrogen-Bonded Aggregates", Chin, D. N., Simanek, E. E., Li, X., Wazeer, M. I. M. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1997, 62, 1891-1895.

527."Imbibition and Flow of Wetting Liquids in Noncircular Capillaries", Kim, E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Phys. Chem., 1997, 101, 855-863.

526."Noncovalent Polycationic Coatings for Capillaries in Capillary Electrophoresis of Proteins", Cordova, E., Gao, J. and Whitesides, G. M., Anal. Chem., 1997, 69, 1370-1379.

525."Carbonic Anhydrase-Inhibitor Binding: From Solution to the Gas Phase", Wu, Q., Gao, J., Joseph-McCarthy, D., Sigal, G. B., Bruce, J. E., Whitesides, G. M. and Smith, R. D., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 119, 1157-1158.

524."Synthesis of a Phosphonate Analog of Sialic Acid (Neu5Ac) Using Indium-Mediated Allylation of Unprotected Carbohydrates in Aqueous Media", Gao, J., Martichonok, V. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1996, 61, 9538-9540.

523."Predicting the Relative Stabilities of Multi-particle Hydrogen-Bonded Aggregates Based on the Number of Hydrogen Bonds and the Number of Particles, and Measuring These Stabilities with Titrations Using Dimethylsulfoxide", Mammen, M., Simanek, E. E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 12614-12623.

522."Synthesis of C-5 Analogs of N-Acetylneuraminic Acid via Indium-mediated Allylation of N-Substituted 2-Amino-2-deoxymannoses", Choi, S.-K., Lee, S. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1996, 61, 8739-8745.

521."Using Neutral Metastable Argon Atoms and Contamination Lithography to Form Nanostructures in Silicon, Silicon Dioxide, and Gold", Johnson, K. S., Berggren, K. K., Black, A. J., Black, C. T., Chu, A. P., Dekker, N. H., Ralph, D. C., Thywissen, J. H., Youkin, R., Prentiss, M., Tinkham, M. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1996, 69, 2773-2775.

520."Microcontact Printing with a Cylindrical Rolling Stamp: A Practical Step Toward Automatic Manufacturing of Patterns with Submicrometer-Sized Features", Xia, Y., Qin, D. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1996, 8, 1015-1017.

519."Self-Assembled Monolayers and Lithography", Whitesides, G. M., Black, A. J., Nealey, P. F. and Wilbur, J. L., The Robert A. Welch Foundation 39th Conference on Chemical Research on Nanophase Chemistry, Houston, TX, 1996, 109-121.

518."Fabrication of Micrometer-Scale Structures on GaAs and GaAs/AlGaAs Quantum Well Material Using Microcontact Printing", Kim, E., Whitesides, G. M., Freiler, M. B., Levy, M., Lin, J. L. and Osgood, R. M., Nanotechnology, 1996, 7, 266-269.

517."Cyanuric Acid and Melamine: A Platform for the Construction of Soluble Aggregates and Crystalline Materials", Simanek, E. E., Li, X., Choi, I. S. and Whitesides, G. M., in Templating, Self-Assembly and Self-Organization, J.-P. Sauvage and M. W. Hosseini, Eds., Elsevier Science, Oxford, 1996, 9, 595-621.

516."Pattern Transfer to Silicon by Microcontact Printing and RIE", Whidden, T. K., Ferry, D. K., Kozicki, M. N., Kim, E., Kumar, A., Wilbur, J. L. and Whitesides, G. M., Nanotechnology, 1996, 7, 447-451.

515."Microcontact Printing of Self-Assembled Monolayers: Applications in Microfabrication", Wilbur, J. L., Kumar, A., Biebuyck, H. A., Kim, E. and Whitesides, G. M., Nanotechnology, 1996, 7, 452-457.

514."Non-Photolithographic Methods for Fabrication of Elastomeric Stamps for Use in Microcontact Printing", Xia, Y., Tien, J., Qin, D. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1996, 12, 4033-4038.

513."A New Strategy for Controlling the Size and Shape of Metallic Features Formed by Electroless Deposition of Copper: Microcontact Printing of Catalysts on Oriented Polymers, Followed by Thermal Shrinkage", Hidber, P. C., Nealey, P. F., Helbig, W. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1996, 12, 5209-5215.

512."Shadowed Sputtering of Gold on V-Shaped Microtrenches Etched in Silicon and Applications in Microfabrication", Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1996, 8, 765-768.

511."Elastomeric Binary Phase Gratings for Measuring Acceleration, Displacement, Strain and Stress", Rogers, J. A., Qin, D., Schueller, O. J. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Rev. Sci. Instrum., 1996, 67, 3310-3319.

510."A Practical Method for the Synthesis of a-Sialyl Glycosides", Martichonok, V. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 8187-8191.

509."Functional Group Identification in Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Molecular Adsorbates", Cyr, D. M., Venkataraman, B., Flynn, G. W., Black, A. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Phys. Chem., 1996, 100, 13747-13759.

508."Molecular Self-Assembly of Aliphatic Thiols on Gold Colloids", Weisbecker, C. S. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1996, 12, 3763-3772.

507."Microcontact Printing of Alkanethiols on Silver and Its Application in Microfabrication", Xia, Y., Kim, E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Electrochem. Soc., 1996, 143, 1070-1079.

506."Controlling Cell Attachment on Contoured Surfaces with Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiolates on Gold", Mrksich, M., Chen, C. S., Xia, Y., Dike, L. E., Ingber, D. E. and Whitesides, G. M., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 1996, 93, 10775-10778.

505."Characterization of Hydrogen-bonded Aggregates in Chloroform by Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry", Cheng, X., Gao, Q., Smith, R. D., Simanek, E. E., Mammen, M. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1996, 61, 2204-2206.

504."Complex Optical Surfaces by Replica Molding against Elastomeric Masters", Xia, Y., Kim, E., Zhao, X.-M., Rogers, J. A., Prentiss, M. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1996, 273, 347-349.

503."Elastomeric Diffraction Gratings as Photothermal Detectors", Rogers, J. A., Jackman, R. J., Schueller, O. J. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Optics, 1996, 35, 6641-6647.

502."Micromolding in Capillaries: Applications in Materials Science", Kim, E., Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 5722-5731.

501."Micromolding of Polymers in Capillaries: Applications in Microfabrication", Xia, Y., Kim, E. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Mat., 1996, 8, 1558-1567.

500."Fabrication of Single-Mode Polymeric Waveguides Using Micromolding in Capillaries", Zhao, X.-M., Stoddart, A., Smith, S. P., Kim, E., Xia, Y., Prentiss, M. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1996, 8, 420-424.

499."Elastomeric Optics", Wilbur, J. L., Jackman, R. J., Whitesides, G. M., Cheng, E., Lee, L. and Prentiss, M., Chem. Mat., 1996, 8, 1380-1385.

498."Pattern Transfer: Self-Assembled Monolayers as Ultrathin Resists", Xia, Y., Zhao, X.-M. and Whitesides, G. M., Microelec. Eng., 1996, 32, 255-268.

497."Optically Controlled Collisions of Biological Objects to Evaluate Potent Polyvalent Inhibitors of Virus-Cell Adhesion", Mammen, M., Helmerson, K., Kishore, R., Choi, S.-K., Phillips, W. D. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Biol., 1996, 3, 757-763.

496."Approaches to Synthesis Based on Non-Covalent Bonds", Whitesides, G. M., Simanek, E. E. and Gorman, C. B., in NATO Advanced Study Institute on Chemical Synthesis: Gnosis to Prognosis, C. Chatgilialoglu and V. Snieckus, Eds., Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, 1996, 320, 565-588.

495."Rapid Prototyping of Complex Structures with Feature Sizes Larger than 20 µm", Qin, D., Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1996, 8, 917-919.

494."Monomeric Inhibitors of Influenza Neuraminidase Enhance the Hemagglutination Inhibition Activities of Polyacrylamides Presenting Multiple C-Sialoside Groups", Choi, S.-K., Mammen, M. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Biol., 1996, 3, 97-104.

493."Benzenesulfonamide-Peptide Conjugates as Probes for Secondary Binding Sites Near the Active Site of Carbonic Anhydrase", Sigal, G. B. and Whitesides, G. M., Bioorg. & Med. Chem. Lett., 1996, 6, 559-564.

492."Evaluating Electrostatic Contributions to Binding with the Use of Protein Charge Ladders", Gao, J., Mammen, M. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1996, 272, 535-537.

491."Patterning with Magnetic Materials at the Micron Scale", Palacin, S., Hidber, P. C., Bourgoin, J.-P., Miramond, C., Fermon, C. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Mat., 1996, 8, 1316-1325.

490."Two- and Three-Dimensional Crystallization of Polymeric Microspheres by Micromolding in Capillaries", Kim, E., Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1996, 8, 245-247.

489."Polyacrylamides Bearing Pendant a-Sialoside Groups Strongly Inhibit Agglutination of Erythrocytes by Influenza Virus: The Strong Inhibition Reflects Enhanced Binding through Cooperative Polyvalent Interactions", Sigal, G. B., Mammen, M., Dahmann, G. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 3789-3800.

488."Screening Derivatized Peptide Libraries for Tight Binding Inhibitors to Carbonic Anhydrase II by Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry", Gao, J., Cheng, X., Chen, R., Sigal, G. B., Bruce, J. E., Schwartz, B. L., Hofstadler, S. A., Anderson, G. A., Smith, R. D. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Med. Chem., 1996, 39, 1949-1955.

487."Stereoselective a-Sialylation with Sialyl Xanthate and Phenylsulfenyl Triflate (PST) as a Promotor", Martichonok, V. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1996, 61, 1702-1706.

486."Microcontact Printing of Palladium Colloids: Micron-Scale Patterning by Electroless Deposition of Copper", Hidber, P. C., Helbig, W., Kim, E. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1996, 12, 1375-1380.

485."Using Self-Assembled Monolayers to Understand the Interactions of Man-Made Surfaces with Proteins and Cells", Mrksich, M. and Whitesides, G. M., Ann. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct., 1996, 25, 55-78.

484."Engineering the Solid State with 2-Benzimidazolones", Schwiebert, K. E., Chin, D. N., MacDonald, J. C. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 4018-4029.

483."Contact Angles for Liquid Drops at a Model Heterogeneous Surface Consisting of Alternating and Parallel Hydrophobic/Hydrophilic Strips", Drelich, J., Wilbur, J. L., Miller, J. D. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1996, 12, 1913-1922.

482."Synthesis and Evaluation of Thioether-Based Tris-Melamines as Components of Self-Assembled Aggregates Based on the CA-M Lattice", Li, X., Chin, D. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1996, 61, 1779-1786.

481."A Self-Assembled Monolayer for the Binding and Study of Histidine-Tagged Proteins by Surface Plasmon Resonance", Sigal, G. B., Bamdad, C., Barberis, A., Strominger, J. and Whitesides, G. M., Anal. Chem., 1996, 68, 490-497.

480."Platinum-Catalyzed Oxidations of Organic Compounds by Ferric Sulfate: Use of a Redox Fuel Cell to Mediate Complete Oxidation of Ethylene Glycol by Dioxygen at 80°C", Gorman, C. B., Bergens, S. H. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Catal., 1996, 158, 92-96.

479."Fabrication of Arrays of Channel Waveguides by Three-Dimensional Self-Assembly Using Patterned Organic Monolayers as Templates", Kim, E., Whitesides, G. M., Lee, L. K., Smith, S. P. and Prentiss, M., Adv. Mat., 1996, 8, 139-142.

478."Using Two-Stage Chemical Amplification to Determine the Density of Defects in Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiolates on Gold", Zhao, X.-M., Wilbur, J. L. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1996, 12, 3257-3264.

477."Fabrication of Three-Dimensional Micro-Structures: Microtransfer Molding", Zhao, X.-M., Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1996, 8, 837-840.

476."Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiolates Presenting Tri(propylenesulfoxide) Groups Resist the Adsorption of Protein", Deng, L., Mrksich, M. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1996, 118, 5136-5137.

475."Microcontact Printing of Alkanethiols on Copper and Its Application in Microfabrication", Xia, Y., Kim, E., Mrksich, M. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Mat., 1996, 8, 601-603.

474."Holy Grails of Chemistry", Bard, A. J., Whitesides, G. M., Zare, R. N. and McLafferty, F. W., Acc. Chem. Res., 1995, 28, 91.

473."Formation of Polymer Microstructures by Selective Deposition of Polyion Multilayers using Patterned SAMs as a Template", Hammond, P. T. and Whitesides, G. M., Macromolecules, 1995, 28, 7569-71.

472."Reagents for Rapid Reduction of Disulfide Bonds", Singh, R., Lamoureux, G. V., Lees, W. J. and Whitesides, G. M., in Methods Enzymol.: Biothiols Part A, L. Packer, Ed., Academic Press, 1995, 251,167-173.

471."A Selective Etching Solution for Use with Patterned Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiolates on Gold, Silver and Copper", Xia, Y., Zhao, X.-M., Kim, E. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Mat., 1995, 7, 2332-2337.

470."Bio-Specific Adsorption of Carbonic Anhydrase to Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiolates that Present Benzenesulfonamide Groups on Gold", Mrksich, M., Grunwell, J. R. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 12009-12010.

469."Effective Inhibitors of Hemagglutination by Influenza Virus Synthesized from Polymers Having Active Ester Groups. Insight into Mechanism of Inhibition", Mammen, M., Dahmann, G. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Med. Chem., 1995, 38, 4179-4190.

468."Using Capillary Electrophoresis to Follow the Acetylation of the Amino Groups of Insulin and to Estimate Their Basicities", Gao, J., Mrksich, M., Gomez, F. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Anal. Chem., 1995, 67, 3093-3100.

467."Determination of the Binding of Ligands Containing the N-2,4-Dinitrophenyl Group to Bivalent Monoclonal Rat Anti-DNP Antibody Using Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis", Mammen, M., Gomez, F. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Anal. Chem., 1995, 67, 3526-3535.

466."Microlithography by Using Neutral Metastable Atoms and Self-Assembled Monolayers", Berggren, K. K., Bard, A., Wilbur, J. L., Gillaspy, J. D., Helg, A. G., McClelland, J. J., Rolston, S. L., Phillips, W. D., Prentiss, M. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1995, 269, 1255-1257.

465."Polymer microstructures formed by moulding in capillaries", Kim, E., Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., Nature, 1995, 376, 581-584.

464."Fabrication of Submicron Features on Curved Substrates by Microcontact Printing", Jackman, R., Wilbur, J. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1995, 269, 664-666.

463."Self-Assembled Monolayers and Multilayers of Conjugated Thiols, a,w-Dithiols, and Thioacetyl-Containing Adsorbates. Understanding Attachments Between Potential Molecular Wires and Gold Surfaces", Tour, J. M., Jones II, L., Pearson, D. L., Lamba, J. J. S., Burgin, T. P., Whitesides, G. M., Allara, D. L., Parikh, A. N. and Atre, S. V., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 9529-9534.

462."Surface Plasmon Resonance Permits In Situ Measurement of Protein Adsorption on Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiolates on Gold", Mrksich, M., Sigal, G. B. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1995, 11, 4383-4385.

461."Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis", Chu, Y.-H., Avila, L. Z., Gao, J. and Whitesides, G. M., Acc. Chem. Res., 1995, 28, 461-468.

460."Using Electrospray Ionization FTICR Mass Spectrometry to Study Competitive Binding of Inhibitors to Carbonic Anhydrase", Cheng, X., Chen, R., Bruce, J. E., Schwartz, B. L., Anderson, G. A., Hofstadler, S. A., Gale, D. C., Smith, R. D., Gao, J., Sigal, G. B., Mammen, M. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 8859-8860.

459."Secondary Interactions Significantly Removed from the Sulfonamide Binding Pocket of Carbonic Anhydrase II Influence Binding Constants", Boriack, P. A., Christianson, D. W., Kingery-Wood, J. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Med. Chem., 1995, 38, 2286-2291.

458."Detection of Hydrogen-Bonded Supramolecular Complexes Using Electrospray Ionization from Chloroform", Cheng, X., Gao, Q., Smith, R., Simanek, E., Mammen, M. and Whitesides, G., Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom., 1995, 9, 312-316.

457."Increasing Binding Constants of Ligands to Proteins by Using 'Greasy Tails'", Gao, J., Qiao, S. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Med. Chem., 1995, 38, 2292-2301.

456."Microcontact Printing of Octadecylsiloxane on the Surface of Silicon Dioxide, and Its Application in Microfabriation", Xia, Y., Mrksich, M., Kim, E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 9576-9577.

455."Patterning Self-Assembled Monolayers Using Microcontact Printing: A New Technology for Biosensors?", M. and Whitesides, G. M., TIBTECH, 1995, 13, 228-235.

454."Patterned Self-Assembled Monolayers Formed by Microcontact Printing Direct Selective Metallization by Chemical Vapor Deposition on Planar and Non-Planar Substrates", Jeon, N. L., Nuzzo, R. G., Xia, Y., Mrksich, M. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1995, 11, 3024-3026.

453."Lithographic Molding: A Convenient Route to Structures with Sub-Micrometer Dimensions", Wilbur, J. L., Kim, E., Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G., Adv. Mater., 1995, 7, 649-652.

452."Differentiating Functional Groups with the Scanning Tunneling Microscope", Venkataraman, B., Flynn, G. W., Wilbur, J. L., Folkers, J. P. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99, 8684-8689.

451."Self-Assembled Monolayers (SAMs) on Gold Generated from Alkanethiols with the Structure RNHCOCH2SH", Tam-Chang, S.-W., Biebuyck, H. A., Whitesides, G. M. and Nuzzo, R., Langmuir, 1995, 11, 4371-4382.

450."Control of the Shape of Liquid Lenses on a Modified Gold Surface Using an Applied Electrical Potential Across a Self-Assembled Monolayer", Gorman, C. B., Biebuyck, H. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1995, 11, 2242-2246.

449."Molecular Dynamics Simulations of H2NSO2C6H4CONH(Gly)3Bn Bound to the Active Site of Human Carbonic Anhydrase II", Chin, D. N. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 6153-6164.

448."Use of Controlled Reactive Spreading of Liquid Alkanethiol on the Surface of Gold to Modify the Size of Features Produced by Microcontact Printing", Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1995, 117, 3274-3275.

447."Reduction in the Size of Features of Patterned SAMs Generated by Microcontact Printing with Mechanical Compression of the Stamp", Xia, Y. and Whitesides, G. M., Adv. Mater., 1995, 7, 471-473.

446."Patterned Self-Assembled Monolayers and Meso-Scale Phenomena", Kumar, A., Abbott, N. A., Kim, E., Biebuyck, H. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Acc. Chem. Res., 1995, 28, 219-226.

445."Self-Assembled Monolayers of Long-Chain Hydroxamic Acids on the Native Oxide of Metals", Folkers, J. P., Gorman, C. B., Laibinis, P. E., Buchholz, S. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1995, 11, 813-824.

444."Structure and Wetting Properties of w-Alkoxy-n-alkanethiolate Monolayers on Gold and Silver", Laibinis, P. E., Bain, C. D., Nuzzo, R. G. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Phys. Chem., 1995, 99, 7663-7676.

443."The Use of Minimal Free Energy and Self-Assembly to Form Shapes", Kim, E. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Mat., 1995, 7, 1257-1264.

442."Use of a Patterned Self-Assembled Monolayer to Control the Formation of a Liquid Resist Pattern on a Gold Surface", Gorman, C. B., Biebuyck, H. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Mat., 1995, 7, 252-254.

441."Fabrication of Patterned, Electrically Conducting Polypyrrole Using a Self-Assembled Monolayer: A Route to All-Organic Circuits", Gorman, C. B., Biebuyck, H. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Mat., 1995, 7, 526-529.

440."Reagents for Rapid Reduction of Disulfide Bonds in Proteins", Singh, R. and Whitesides, G. M., in Techniques in Protein Chemistry VI, J. W. Crabb, Ed., Academic Press, New York, 1995, 259-266.

439."Scanning Force Microscopies Can Image Patterned Self-Assembled Monolayers", Wilbur, J. L., Biebuyck, H. A., MacDonald, J. C. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1995, 11, 825-831.

438."Active Control of Wetting Using Applied Electrical Potentials and Self-Assembled Monolayers", Abbott, N. L., Gorman, C. B. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1995, 11, 16-18.

437."Combining Patterned Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiolates on Gold with Anisotropic Etching of Silicon to Generate Controlled Surface Morphologies", Kim, E., Kumar, A. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Electrochem. Soc., 1995, 142, 628-633.

436."Design and Synthesis of Hydrogen-bonded Aggregates: Theory and Computation Applied to Three Systems Based on the Cyanuric Acid-Melamine Lattice", Simanek, E. E., Mammen, M., Gordon, D. M., Chin, D., Mathias, J. P., Seto, C. T. and Whitesides, G. M., Tetrahedron, 1995, 51, 607-619.

435."Noncovalent Synthesis: Using Physical-Organic Chemistry to Make Aggregates", Simanek, E. E., Mathias, J. P., Seto, C. T., Chin, D., Mammen, M., Gordon, D. M. and Whitesides, G. M., Acc. Chem. Res., 1995, 28, 37-44.

434."Formation and Cleavage of P-O Bonds", Bertschy, H., Baudin, G. and Whitesides, G. M., in Enzyme Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: A Comprehensive Handbook, K. Drauz and H. Waldmann, Eds., VCH, Weinheim, 1995, 505-545.

433."Self-Assembled Monolayers: Models for Organic Surface Chemistry", Whitesides, G. M. and Gorman, C. B., in Handbook of Surface Imaging and Visualization, A. T. Hubbard, Ed., CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1995, 713-733.

432."Reduction of Aldehydes and Ketones", Bertschy, H., Chenault, H. K. and Whitesides, G. M., in Enzyme Catalysis in Organic Synthesis: A Comprehensive Handbook, K. Drauz and H. Waldmann, Eds., VCH, Weinheim, 1995, 595-628.

431."Self-Assembling Materials", Whitesides, G. M., Scientific American, 1995, 273, 146-149.

430."Enzymes in Synthetic Organic Chemistry", Wong, C.-H. and Whitesides, G. M., Tetrahedron Organic Chemistry Series, J. E. Baldwin and P. D. Magnus, Eds., Pergamon Press, London, 1994.

429."Computational Simulations of Supramolecular Hydrogen-bonded Aggregates: HubM2, FlexM3, and Adamantane-based Hubs in Chloroform", Chin, D. N., Gordon, D. M. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 12033-12044.

428."Wetting Characteristics of Liquid Drops at Heterogeneous Surfaces", Drelich, J., Miller, J. D., Kumar, A. and Whitesides, G. M., Colloids and Surf. A, 1994, 93, 1-13.

427."Autophobic Pinning of Drops of Alkanethiols on Gold", Biebuyck, H. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1994, 10, 4581-4587.

426."Solid-State Structures of Hydrogen-Bonded Tapes Based on Cyclic 2o Diamides", MacDonald, J. C. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Rev., 1994, 94, 2383-2420.

425."1H NMR Spectroscopy of the Hydrogen-bonded Imide Groups of Hub(M)3:3CA Provides a Useful Method for the Characterization of these Aggregates", Simanek, E. E., Wazeer, M. I. M., Mathias, J. P. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1994, 59, 4904-4909.

424."Determination of the Effective Charge of a Protein in Solution by Capillary Electrophoresis", Gao, J., Gomez, F. A., Härter, R. and Whitesides, G. M., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 1994, 91, 12027-12030.

423."Measurements of the Conductivity of Individual 10 nm Carbon Nanotubes", Weisbecker, C. S. and Whitesides, G. M., Proc. Mat. Res. Soc., 1994, 349, 263-268.

422."Microfabrication by Microcontact Printing of Self-Assembled Monolayers", Wilbur, J. L., Kumar, A., Kim, E. and Whitesides, G., Adv. Mater., 1994, 6, 600-604.

421."Studies in the Organic Solid State", Zerkowski, J., MacDonald, J., Chin, D. and Whitesides, G. M., Bull. Mat. Res. Soc., 1994, 328, 3-14.

420."Self-Organization of Organic Liquids on Patterned Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiolates on Gold", Biebuyck, H. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1994, 10, 2790-2793.

419."Synthesis of KDO Using Indium-Mediated Allylation of 2,3:4,5-Di-O-isopropylidene-D-arabinose in Aqueous Media", Gao, J., Haerter, R., Gordon, D. M. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1994, 59, 3714-3715.

418."Combining Micromachining and Molecular Self-Assembly To Fabricate Microelectrodes", Abbott, N. L., Rolison, D. R. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1994, 10, 2672-2682.

417."Comparison of Organic Monolayers on Polycrystalline Gold Spontaneously Assembled from Solutions Containing Dialkyl Disulfides or Alkanethiols", Biebuyck, H. A., Bain, C. D. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1994, 10, 1825-1831.

416."Patterning Self-Assembled Monolayers: Applications in Materials Science", Kumar, A., Biebuyck, H. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1994, 10, 1498-1511.

415."Using Micromachining, Molecular Self-Assembly and Wet Etching to Fabricate 0.1 to 1 Micrometer-Scale Structures of Gold and Silicon", Abbott, N., Kumar, A. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Mat., 1994, 6, 596-602.

414."Polyacrylamides Bearing Pendant a-Sialoside Groups Strongly Inhibit Agglutination of Erythrocytes by Influenza A Virus: Multivalency and Steric Stabilization of Particulate Biologicial Systems", Lees, W. J., Spaltenstein, A., Wood-Kingery, J. E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Med. Chem., 1994, 37, 3419-3433.

413."Engineering Cell Shape and Function", Singhvi, R., Kumar, A., Lopez, G. P., Stephanopolous, G. N., Wang, D. I. C., Whitesides, G. M. and Ingber, D. E., Science, 1994, 264, 696-698.

412."Reagents for Rapid Reduction of Native Disulfide Bonds in Proteins", Singh, R. and Whitesides, G. M., Bioorg. Chem., 1994, 22, 109-115.

411."A Redox Fuel Cell That Operates with Methane as Fuel at 120°C", Bergens, S. H., Gorman, C. B., Palmore, G. T. R. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1994, 265, 1418-1420.

410."Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis: Insights into the Binding of SH3 Domains by Peptides Derived from an SH3-Binding Protein", Gomez, F. A., Chen, J. K., Tanaka, A., Schreiber, S. L. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1994, 59, 2885-2886.

409."Determination of Binding Constants of Ligands to Proteins by Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis: Compensation for Electroosmotic Flow", Gomez, F. A., Avila, L. Z., Chu, Y.-H. and Whitesides, G. M., Anal. Chem., 1994, 66, 1785-1791.

408."Self-Assembly Through Hydrogen Bonding: Peripheral Crowding-A New Strategy for the Preparation of Stable Supramolecular Aggregates Based on Parallel, Connected Rosettes", Mathias, J., Simanek, E. E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 4326-4340.

407."Structural Preferences of Hydrogen-Bonded Networks in Organic Solution-the Cyclic CA3o M3 'Rosette'", Mathias, J., Zerkowski, J., Seto, C., Simanek, E. E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 4316-4325.

406."Self-assembled Monolayers containing Mercaptoalkylboronic Acids Adsorbed onto Gold From a Highly Cross-Linked, Thermally Stable Borate Glass Surface", Carey, R. I., Folkers, J. P. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1994, 10, 2228-2234.

405."Potential-dependent Wetting of Aqueous Solutions on Self-Assembled Monolayers Formed from 15-(Ferrocenylcarbonyl)pentadecanethiol", Abbott, N. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1994, 10, 1493-1497.

404."Wetting and Protein Adsorption of Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiolates Supported on Transparent Films of Gold", DiMilla, P., Folkers, J. P., Biebuyck, H. A., Harter, R., Lopez, G. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 2225-2226.

403."The Wetting of Monolayer Films Exposing Ionizable Acids and Bases", Lee, T. R., Carey, R. I., Biebuyck, H. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1994, 10, 741-749.

402."Microbial and Enzymatic Biofuel Cells", Palmore, G. T. R. and Whitesides, G. M., in Enzymatic Conversion of Biomass for Fuels Production, M. E. Himmel, J. O. Baker and R. P. Overend, Eds., ACS Books, American Chemical Society, Washington, 1994, 271-290.

401."Self-Assembly Through Hydrogen Bonding: Preparation and Characterization of Three New Types of Supramolecular Aggregates Based on Parallel, Cyclic CA3oM3 'Rosettes'", Mathias, J. P., Seto, C. T., Simanek, E. E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 1725-1736.

400."Molecular Self-Assembly and Micromachining", Abbott, N. L., Biebuyck, H. A., Buchholz, S., Folkers, J. P., Han, M. Y., Kumar, A., Lopez, G. P., Weisbecker, C. S. and Whitesides, G. M., in Atomic and Nanoscale Modification of Materials, P. Avouris, Ed., Kluwer Academic Publishers, Ventura, 1994, 239, 293-301.

399."Identification of Two Hydrophobic Patches in the Active Site Cavity of Human Carbonic Anhydrase II by Solution-Phase and Solid-State Studies and Their Use in the Development of Tight-Binding Inhibitors", Jain, A., Whitesides, G. M., Alexander, R. S. and Christianson, D. W., J. Med. Chem., 1994, 37, 2100-2105.

398."Lack of Effect of the Length of Oligoglycine- and Oligo(ethylene glycol)- Derived para-Substituents on the Affinity of Benzenesulfonamides for Carbonic Anhydrase II in Solution", Jain, A., Huang, S. G. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 5057-5062.

397."Investigations Into the Robustness of Hydrogen-Bonded Crystalline Tapes", Zerkowski, J. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Mat., 1994, 6, 1250-1257.

396."New Varieties of Crystalline Architecture Produced by Small Changes in Molecular Structure in Tape Complexes of Melamines and Barbiturates", Zerkowski, J. A., Mathias, J. P. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 4305-4315.

395."Steric Control of Secondary, Solid-State Architecture in 1:1 Complexes of Melamines and Barbiturates That Crystallize as Crinkled Tapes", Zerkowski, J. A. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 4298-4304.

394."The Design of Organic Structures in the Solid State: Molecular Tapes Based on the Network of Hydrogen Bonds Present in the Cyanuric AcidoMelamine Complex", Zerkowski, J. A., Seto, C. T., Wierda, D. A. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 2382-2391.

393."Patterned Condensation Figures as Optical Diffraction Gratings", Kumar, A. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1994, 263, 60-62.

392."Phase Behavior of Two-Component Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiolates on Gold", Folkers, J. P., Laibinis, P. E., Deutch, J. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Phys. Chem., 1994, 98, 563-571.

391."Using Finite Element Analysis to Calculate the Shapes of Geometrically-Confined Drops of Liquid on Patterned, Self-Assembled Monolayers: A New Method to Estimate Excess Interfacial Free Energies gsv- gsl", Abbott, N. L., Racz, L. M., Szekely, J. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1994, 116, 290-294.

390."Design, Preparation, and Characterization of Hydrogen Bonded Supramolecular Aggregates Based on the Cyanuric AcidoMelamine Lattice", Mathias, J. P., Simanek, E. E., Seto, C. T. and Whitesides, G. M., Macromol. Symp., 1994, 77, 157-166.

389."Interchange Between Monolayers on Gold Formed From Unsymmetrical Disulfides and Solutions of Thiols: Evidence for Sulfur-Sulfur Bond Cleavage by Gold Metal", Biebuyck, H. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1993, 9, 1766-1770.

388."Organized Molecular Assemblies", Whitesides, G. M., Ferguson, G. S., Allara, D., Scherson, D., Speaker, L. and Ullman, A., Crit. Rev. Surf. Chem., 1993, 3, 49-65.

387."Indium-mediated Allylations of Unprotected Carbohydrates in Aqeous Media: A Short Synthesis of Sialic Acid (Neu-5-Ac)", Gordon, D. M. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1993, 58, 7937-7938.

386."Self-Assembly Through Hydrogen Bonding: Preparation of a Supramolecular Aggregate Composed of 10 Molecules", Mathias, J. P., Simanek, E. E., Seto, C. T. and Whitesides, G. M., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 1993, 32, 1766-1769.

385."Fabrication and Imaging of Two-Dimensional Patterns of Proteins Adsorbed on Self-Assembled Monolayers by Scanning Electron Microscopy", López, G. P., Biebuyck, H. A., Härter, R., Kumar, A. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1993, 115, 10774-10781.

384."Monolayers on Disordered Substrates: Self-Assembly of Alkyltrichlorosilanes on Surface-Modified Polyethylene and Poly(dimethylsiloxane)", Ferguson, G. S., Chaudhury, M. K., Biebuyck, H. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Macromolecules, 1993, 26, 5870-5875.

383."Damage to CF3CONH-Terminated Organic SAMs on Al, Ti, Cu, and Au by Al Ka X-rays Is Due Principally to Electrons", Graham, R. L., Bain, C. D., Biebuyck, H. A., Laibinis, P. E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Phys. Chem., 1993, 97, 9456-9464.

382."Tin- and Indium-Mediated Allylation in Aqueous Media: Application to Unprotected Carbohydrates", Kim, E., Gordon, D. M., Schmid, W. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1993, 58, 5500-5507.

381."Convenient Methods for Patterning the Adhesion of Mammalian Cells to Surfaces Using Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiolates on Gold", López, G. P., Albers, M. W., Schreiber, S. L., Carroll, R. W., Peralta, E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1993, 115, 5877-5878.

380."Features of Gold Having Micrometer to Centimeter Dimensions Can Be Formed through a Combination of Stamping with an Elastomeric Stamp and an Alkanethiol Ink Followed by Chemical Etching", Kumar, A. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Phys. Lett., 1993, 63, 2002-2004.

379."Preparation of Conjugates of Proteins with Amyloses by Elongation of Covalently-Attached Primers Using Phosphorylase", Chu, Y.-H. and Whitesides, G. M., Bioorg. Chem., 1993, 21, 319-329.

378."Catalytic Activity of Native Enzymes during Capillary Electrophoresis: An Enzymatic 'Microreactor'", Avila, L. Z. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1993, 58, 5508-5512.

377."Feed-Forward Neural Networks in Chemistry: Mathematical Systems for Classification and Pattern Recognition", Burns, J. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Rev., 1993, 93, 2583-2601.

376."Affinity Electrophoresis in Multisectional Polyacrylamide Slab is a Useful and Convenient Technique for Measuring Binding Constants of Aryl Sulfonamides to Bovine Carbonic Anhydrase B", Chu, Y.-H., Chen, J. K. and Whitesides, G. M., Anal. Chem., 1993, 65, 1314-1322.

375."Imaging of Features on Surfaces by Condensation Figures", López, G. P., Biebuyck, H. A., Frisbie, C. D. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1993, 260, 647-649.

374."Diastereoselectivity (Enantioselectivity) of Aldol Condensations Catalyzed by Rabbit Muscle Aldolase at C-2 of RCHOHCHO if R has an Appropriately Placed Negatively Charged Group", Lees, W. J. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1993, 58, 1887-1894.

373."Using Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis to Identify the Peptide in a Peptide Library that Binds Most Tightly to Vancomycin", Chu, Y.-H., Avila, L. Z., Biebuyck, H. A. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1993, 58, 648-652.

372."A Convenient Procedure for Transfer Blotting of Coomassie Blue-Stained Proteins from PAGE Gels to Transparencies", Chu, Y. H. and Whitesides, G. M., Biotechniques, 1993, 14, 925-930.

371."Neuraminidase Resistant Hemagglutination Inhibitors: Acrylamide Copolymers Containing a C-Glycoside of N-Acetylneuraminic Acid", Sparks, M. A., Williams, K. W. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Med. Chem., 1993, 36, 778-783.

370."Synthesis of Methyl a-Sialosides N-substituted with Large Alkanoyl Groups, and Investigation of Their Inhibition of Agglutination of Erythrocytes by Influenza A Virus.", W., Avila, L. Z., Williams, K. W. and Whitesides, G. M., Bioorg. & Med. Chem. Lett., 1993, 3, 747-752.

369."Thiol-Disulfide Interchange", Singh, R. and Whitesides, G. M., in Sulfur-Containing Functional Groups; Supplement S, S. Patai, Ed., J. Wiley and Sons, Ltd., London, 1993, 633-658.

368."Use of Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis to Determine Kinetic and Equilibrium Constants for Binding of Arylsulfonamides to Bovine Carbonic Anhydrase", Avila, L. Z., Chu, Y.-H., Blossey, E. C. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Med. Chem., 1993, 36, 126-133.

367."Synthesis of Dithiols as Reducing Agents for Disulfides in Neutral Aqueous Solutions and Comparison of Reduction Potentials", Lamoureux, G. V. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1993, 58, 633-641.

366."Equilibrium Constants for Thiol-Disulfide Interchange Reactions: A Coherent, Corrected Set", Lees, W. J. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1993, 58, 642-647.

365."Adsorption of Proteins onto Surfaces Containing End-Attached Oligo(Ethylene Oxide): A Model System Using Self-Assembled Monolayers", Prime, K. L. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1993, 115, 10714-10721.

364."Interpretation of the Reduction Potential of 6,6'-Dideoxy-6,6'-Dithiosucrose Disulfide by Comparison of the Conformations of 6,6'-Dideoxy-6,6'-Dithiosucrose Disulfide, 6,6'-Dideoxysucrose-6,6'-Dithiol, and Sucrose in Aqueous Solution", Lees, W. J. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1993, 115, 1860-1869.

363."Inorganic Environment Derived from the Sol-Gel Route Does Not Improve the Thermal or Oxidative Stability of 2,4-Dinitroaniline in Coatings", Schutte, C. L., Williams, K. W. and Whitesides, G. M., Polymer, 1993, 34, 2609-2614.

362."Large-Scale Synthesis of b-L-Fucopyranosyl Phosphate and the Preparation of GDP-b-Fucose", Adelhorst, K. and Whitesides, G. M., Carbohyd. Res., 1993, 242, 69-76.

361."Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermodynamic Analysis of a 1+1 Self-Assembling Structure Based on the Cyanuric Acid-Melamine Lattice", Seto, C. T. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1993, 115, 1330-1340.

360."Molecular Self-Assembly Through Hydrogen Bonding: Aggregation of Five Molecules to Form a Discrete Supramolecular Structure", Seto, C. T., Mathias, J. P. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1993, 115, 1321-1329.

359."Synthesis of Potential Inhibitors of Hemagglutination by Influenza Virus: Chemoenzymic Preparation of N-5 Analogs of N-Acetylneuraminic Acid", Sparks, M., Williams, K., Lukacs, C., Schrell, A., Priebe, G., Spaltenstein, A. and Whitesides, G. M., Tetrahedron, 1993, 49, 1-12.

358."Scanning Electron Microscopy Can Form Images of Patterns in Self-Assembled Monolayers", López, G. P., Biebuyck, H. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1993, 9, 1513-1516.

357."Molecular Self-Assembly Through Hydrogen Bonding: Supramolecular Aggregates Based on the Cyanuric Acid-Melamine Lattice", Seto, C. T. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1993, 115, 905-916.

356."Self-Assembly through Networks of Hydrogen Bonds", Mathias, J. P., Seto, C. T., Zerkowski, J. A. and Whitesides, G. M., in Molecular Recognition: Chemical and Biochemical Problems II, Royal Society of Chemistry, 1992, 111, 35-49.

355."The Agglutination of Erythrocytes by Influenza Virus is Strongly Inhibited by Liposomes Incorporating an Analog of Sialyl Gangliosides", Kingery-Wood, J. E., Williams, K. W., Sigal, G. B. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1992, 114, 7303-7305.

354."Manipulation of the Wettability of Surfaces on the 0.1 to 1-Micrometer Scale Through Micromachining and Molecular Self-Assembly", Abbott, N. L., Folkers, J. P. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1992, 257, 1380-2.

353."The Use of Self-Assembled Monolayers and a Selective Etch to Generate Patterned Gold Features", Kumar, A., Biebuyck, H. A., Abbott, N. L. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1992, 114, 9188-9199.

352."Self-Assembled Monolayers of n-Alkanethiolates on Copper Are Barrier Films that Protect the Metal Against Oxidation by Air", Laibinis, P. E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1992, 114, 9022-9028.

351."Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis Can Simultaneously Measure Binding Constants of Multiple Peptides to Vancomycin", Chu, Y.-H. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1992, 57, 3524-3525.

350."Solid-State Structures of 'Rosette' and 'Crinkled Tape' Motifs Derived from the Cyanuric AcidoMelamine Lattice", Zerkowski, J. A., Seto, C. T. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1992, 114, 5473-5475.

349."Structure of Monolayers Formed by Coadsorption of Two n-Alkanethiols of Different Chain Lengths on Gold and Its Relation to Wetting", Laibinis, P. E., Nuzzo, R. G. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Phys. Chem., 1992, 96, 5097-5105.

348."Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiols on Gold: The Adsorption and Wetting Properties of Monolayers Derived from Two Components with Alkane Chains of Different Lengths", Folkers, J. P., Laibinis, P. E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Adhes. Sci. Tech., 1992, 6, 1397-1410.

347."Self-Assembled Monolayers of Alkanethiols on Gold: Comparisons of Monolayers Containing Mixtures of Short- and Long-Chain Constituents with CH3 and CH2OH Terminal Groups", Folkers, J. P., Laibinis, P. E. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1992, 8, 1330-1341.

346."How to Make Water Run Uphill", Chaudhury, M. K. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1992, 256, 1539-1541.

345."Substrate Specificity and Carbohydrate Synthesis Using Transketolase", Kobori, Y., Myles, D. C. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1992, 57, 5899-5907.

344."Use of Affinity Capillary Electrophoresis To Measure Binding Constants of Ligands to Proteins", Chu, Y.-H., Avila, L. Z., Biebuyck, H. A. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Med. Chem., 1992, 35, 2915-2917.

343."The Enzymatic Synthesis of 1,5-Dideoxy-1,5-diimino-D-talitol and 1-Deoxygalactostatin Using Fuculose 1-Phosphate Aldolase", Lees, W. J. and Whitesides, G. M., Bioorg. Chem., 1992, 20, 173-179.

342."Heterogeneous, Platinum-Catalyzed Hydrogenations of (Diolefin)dialkylplatinum(II) Complexes", Lee, T. R. and Whitesides, G. M., Acc. Chem. Res., 1992, 25, 266-272.

341."Nucleoside Phosphate Sugars: Syntheses on Practical Scales, and Their Use as Reagents in the Enzymatic Preparation of Oligosaccharides and Glycoconjugates", Heidlas, J. E., Williams, K. W. and Whitesides, G. M., Acc. Chem. Res., 1992, 25, 307-314.

340."Chemo-enzymatische Synthese von Kohlenhydraten: Die Herstellung von L-Xylose und 2-Desoxy-L-xylo-hexose", Schmid, W., Heidlas, J., Mathias, J. P. and Whitesides, G. M., Liebigs Ann. Chem., 1992, 95-97.

339."Correlation Between Surface Free Energy and Surface Constitution", Chaudhury, M. K. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1992, 255, 1230-1232.

338."Designing Ordered Molecular Arrays in Two and Three Dimensions", Folkers, J. P., Zerkowski, J. A., Laibinis, P. E., Seto, C. T. and Whitesides, G. M., in Supramolecular Architecture in Two and Three Dimensions, T. Bein, Ed., ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1992, 499, 10-23.

337."Molecular Recognition in Gels, Monolayers, and Solids", Prime, K. L., Chu, Y.-H., Schmid, W., Seto, C. T., Chen, J. K., Spaltenstein, A., Zerkowski, J. A. and Whitesides, G. M., in Macromolecular Assemblies, P. Stroeve and A. C. Balazs, Eds., ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1992, 493, 227-239.

336."w-Terminated Alkanethiolate Monolayers on Surfaces of Copper, Silver and Gold have Similar Wettabilities", Laibinis, P. E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1992, 114, 1990-1995.

335."Toward Orthogonal Self-Assembly of Redox Active Molecules on Pt and Au: Selective Reaction of Disulfide with Au and Isonitrile with Pt", Hickman, J. J., Laibinis, P. E., Auerbach, D. I., Zou, C., Gardner, T. J., Whitesides, G. M. and Wrighton, M. S., Langmuir, 1992, 8, 357-359.

334."Synthesis of 2-Amino-1,2-dideoxy-D-galactitol Hydrochloride and 5-Amino-1,4-anhydro-5,6-dideoxy-L-galactitol Hydrochloride", Adelhorst, K. and Whitesides, G. M., Carbohyd. Res., 1992, 232, 183-185.

333."Thermal Reconstruction of the Functionalized Interface of Polyethylene Carboxylic Acid and Its Derivatives", Ferguson, G. S. and Whitesides, G. M., in Modern Approaches to Wettability: Theory and Applications, G. Loeb and M. Schrader, Eds., Plenum Press, New York, 1992, 6, 143-177.

332."Practical Enzyme-Based Syntheses of Uridine 5'-Diphosphogalactose (UDP-Gal) and Uridine 5'-Diphospho-N-acetylgalactosamine (UDP-GalNAc) on Gram Scale", Heidlas, J., Lees, W. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1992, 57, 152-157.

331."Gram-Scale Synthesis of Uridine 5'-Diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine, UDP-GlcNAc: Comparison of Enzymatic and Chemical Routes", Heidlas, J. E., Lees, W. J., Pale, P. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1992, 57, 146-151.

330."Molecular Self-Assembly and Nanochemistry: A Chemical Strategy for the Synthesis of Nanostructures", Whitesides, G. M., Mathias, J. P. and Seto, C. T., Science, 1991, 254, 1312-1319.

329."Enzymes as Catalysts in Carbohydrate Synthesis", Toone, E. J. and Whitesides, G. M., in Enzymes in Carbohydrate Synthesis, M. D. Bednarski and E. S. Simon, Eds., ACS Symposium Series, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 1991, 466, 1-22.

328."Meso-2,5-Dimercapto-N,N,N',N'-tetramethyladipamide: A Readily Available, Kinetically Rapid Reagent for the Reduction of Disulfides in Aqueous Solution", Lees, W. J., Singh, R. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1991, 56, 7328-7331.

327."X-Ray Damage to CF3CO2-terminated Organic Monolayers on Si/Au Supports is Due Primarily to X-Ray Induced Electrons", Laibinis, P. E., Graham, R. L., Biebuyck, H. A. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1991, 254, 981-983.

326."Comparisons of Self-Assembled Monolayers on Silver and Gold: Mixed Monolayers Derived from HS(CH2)21X and HS(CH2)10Y (X, Y = CH3, CH2OH) Have Similar Properties", Laibinis, P. E., Fox, M. A., Folkers, J. P. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1991, 7, 3167-3173.

325."A Transketolase-Based Synthesis of (+)-exo-Brevicomin", Myles, D. C., Andrulis, P. J. I. and Whitesides, G. M., Tet. Lett., 1991, 32, 4835-4838.

324."Enzymatic Synthesis of Uridine 5'-Diphosphoglucuronic Acid on a Gram Scale", Toone, E. J., Simon, E. S. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1991, 56, 5603-5606.

323."Attenuation of Photoelectrons in Monolayers of n-Alkanethiols Adsorbed on Copper, Silver and Gold", Laibinis, P. E., Bain, C. D. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Phys. Chem., 1991, 95, 7017-7021.

322."Wetting Films on Chemically Modified Surfaces: An X-ray Study", Tidswell, I. M., Rabedeau, T. A., Pershan, P. S., Folkers, J. P., Baker, M. V. and Whitesides, G. M., Phys. Rev. B, 1991, 44, 10869-10879.

321."Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation in Aqueous Ethanol: Diastereoselective Transformation of Unprotected Carbohydrates to Higher Carbon Sugars Using Allyl Bromide and Tin Metal", Schmid, W. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 6674-6676.

320."Selenols Catalyze the Interchange Reactions of Dithiols and Disulfides in Water", Singh, R. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1991, 56, 6931-6933.

319."Heterogeneous Reductions of (Homohypostrophene)dialkylplatinum(II) Complexes Provide a Useful System for the Study of Intermediate Surface Alkyls on Platinum", Lee, T. R. and Whitesides, G. M., Cat. Lett., 1991, 9, 451-472.

318."X-ray Grazing Incidence Diffraction from Alkylsiloxane Monolayers on Silicon Wafers", Tidswell, I. M., Rabedeau, T. A., Pershan, P. S., Kosowsky, S. D., Folkers, J. P. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Chem. Phys., 1991, 95, 2854-2861.

317."A Comparison of the Structures and Wetting Properties of Self-Assembled Monolayers of n-Alkanethiols on the Coinage Metal Surfaces Cu, Ag, Au", Laibinis, P. L., Whitesides, G. M., Allara, D. L., Tao, Y.-T., Parikh, A. N. and Nuzzo, R. G., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 7152-7167.

316."The Reduction of C* Bonds Proceeds with Retention of Configuration: Stereochemical Investigation of the Heterogeneous Reduction by Dideuterium of (Homohypostrophene)neopentyl(2-norbornyl)platinum(II) Complexes on Platinum Black", Lee, T. R., Wierda, D. A. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 8745-8753.

315."Self-Assembled Organic Monolayers: Model Systems for Studying Adsorption of Proteins at Surfaces", Prime, K. L. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1991, 252, 1164-1167.

314."Contact Adhesion of Thin Gold Films on Elastomeric Supports: Cold Welding Under Ambient Conditions", Ferguson, G. S., Chaudhury, M. K., Sigal, G. B. and Whitesides, G. M., Science, 1991, 253, 776-778.

313."Molecular Self-Assembly of Two-Terminal, Voltammetric Microsensors with an Internal Reference", Hickman, J. J., Ofer, D., Laibinis, P. E., Whitesides, G. M. and Wrighton, M. S., Science, 1991, 252, 688-691.

312."a-Aminoaldehyde Equivalents as Substrates for Rabbit Muscle Aldolase: Synthesis of 1,4-dideoxy-D-arabinitol and (2R,5R)-dihydroxymethyl-(3R,4R)-dihydroxypyrrolidine", Hung, R. R., Straub, J. A. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1991, 56, 3849-3855.

311."Synthesis of Glycosyl Phosphates Using the Fraser-Reid Activation", Pale, P. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1991, 56, 4547-4549.

310."Selective Reduction of Disulfides by Tris(2-carboxyethyl)phosphine", Burns, J. A., Butler, J. C., Moran, J. R. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1991, 56, 2648-2650.

309."A Reagent for Reduction of Disulfide Bonds in Proteins That Reduces Disulfide Bonds Faster than Does Dithiothreitol", Singh, R. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1991, 56, 2332-2337.

308."CMP-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid Synthetase of Escherichia coli: Overexpression, Purification and Use in the Enzymatic Synthesis of CMP-N-Acetylneuraminic Acid and CMP-Neuraminic Acid Derivatives", Shames, S. L., Simon, E. S., Christopher, C. W., Schmid, W., Whitesides, G. M. and Lang, L.-L., Glycobiology, 1991, 1, 187-191.

307."Heterogeneous Catalysis on Platinum and Self-Assembled Monolayers on Metal and Metal Oxide Surfaces", Lee, T. R., Laibinis, P. E., Folkers, J. P. and Whitesides, G. M., Pure Appl. Chem., 1991, 63, 821-828.

306."The Heterogeneous Reductions of (Diolefin)dialkylplatinum(II) Complexes on Platinum Black in Ethyl Alcohol: Kinetics, Isotopic Interchange of Hydrogen between Coadsorbed Surface Alkyls, and Comparison of Surface Alkyls Generated from the Platinum Complexes and from Olefins", Lee, T. R. and Whitesides, G., M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 2576-2585.

305."Isotopic Exchange in the Platinum-Catalyzed Reductions of Olefins in Protic Solvents", Lee, T. R. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 2568-2576.

304."Selective Functionalization of Gold Microstructures with Ferrocenyl Derivatives via Reaction with Thiols or Disulfides: Characterization by Electrochemistry and Auger Electron Spectroscopy", Hickman, J. J., Ofer, D., Zou, C., Wrighton, M. S., Laibinis, P. E. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 1128-1132.

303."The Loss of Halide from Sol-Gel films on Heating Does Not Involve Oxidation", Schutte, C. L. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Mater., 1991, 3, 267-271.

302."Direct Measurement of Interfacial Interactions between Semispherical Lenses and Flat Sheets of Polydimethylsiloxane and Their Chemical Derivatives", Chaudhury, M. K. and Whitesides, G. M., Langmuir, 1991, 7, 1013-1025.

301."Acid-Base Interactions in Wetting", Whitesides, G. M., Biebuyck, H. A., Folkers, J. P. and Prime, K. J., J. Adhes. Sci. Tech., 1991, 5, 57-69.

300."Self-Assembly of a Hydrogen-Bonded 2+3 Supramolecular Complex", Seto, C. T. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 712-713.

299."Polyacrylamides Bearing Pendant a-Sialoside Groups Strongly Inhibit Agglutination of Erythrocytes by Influenza Virus", Spaltenstein, A. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 686-687.

298."The Extent of Incorporation of Excess Deuterium in the Platinum-Catalyzed Reduction of Unsubstituted Cycloolefins by H2 in D2O/THF Increases with the Strain Energy of the Product Cycloalkanes", Lee, T. R. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 369-370.

297."The Reduction by Deuterium on Platinum Black of exo-2-norbornyl* and endo-2-norbornyl* to Norbornane-2-d1 Occurs with Predominant Retention of Configuration", Lee, T. R. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 368-369.

296."Formation of Self-Assembled Monolayers by Chemisorption of Derivatives of Oligo(ethylene glycol) of Structure HS(CH2)11(OCH2CH2)mOH on Gold", Pale-Grosdemange, C., Simon, E. S., Prime, K. L. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1991, 113, 12-20.

295."Analysis of depth profiles of sol-gel derived multilayer coatings by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and by cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy", Schutte, C. L., Smith, P. M. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Mater. Res., 1991, 6, 835-839.

294."Enzymes as Catalysts in Carbohydrate Synthesis", Toone, E. J., Kobori, Y., Myles, D. C., Ozaki, A., Schmid, W., von der Osten, C., Sinskey, A. J. and Whitesides, G. M., in Chemical Aspects of Enzyme Biotechnology; Proceedings of the 8th Annual IUCCP Symposium, A. I. Scott, F. M. Raushell and T. O. Baldwin, Eds., Plenum, New York, 1990, 179-195.

293."Organic Surface Chemistry: Polymers and Self-Assembled Monolayers", Whitesides, G. M., Chimia, 1990, 44, 310-311.

292."A New Approach to Cyclitols Based on Rabbit Muscle Aldolase (RAMA)", Schmid, W. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112, 9670-9671.

291."The Design of Organic Structures in the Solid State: Hydrogen-Bonded Molecular 'Tapes'", Zerkowski, J. A., Seto, C. T., Wierda, D. A. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112, 9025-9026.

290."What Will Chemistry Do in the Next Twenty Years?", G. M., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl., 1990, 29, 1209-1218.

289."Synthesis of the a-Methyl Ketoside of 5-Amino Neuraminic Acid Methyl Ester and its Corresponding 5-Myristoyl and 5-Cyclopropanoyl Derivative", Schrell, A. and Whitesides, G. M., Liebigs Ann. Chem., 1990, 1111-1114.

288."Self-Assembly Based on the Cyanuric Acid-Melamine Lattice", Seto, C. T. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112, 6409-6411.

287."Quantifying Acid-Base Properties of Organic Functional Groups at a Polyethylene-Water Interface by Photoacoustic Calorimetry", Zhang, L., Shulman, M. A., Whitesides, G. M. and Grabowski, J. J., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112, 7069-7071.

286."The Diffusion of Cesium Ion in SiO2 Films Derived from Sol-Gel Precursors", Schutte, C. L. and Whitesides, G. M., Chem. Mat., 1990, 2, 576-581.

285."Degenerate Intermolecular Thiolate-Disulfide Interchange Involving Cyclic Five-Membered Disulfides Is Faster by ~103 Than That Involving Six- or Seven-Membered Disulfides", Singh, R. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112, 6304-6309.

284."Predicting the Stability of Cyclic Disulfides by Molecular Modeling: 'Effective Concentrations' in Thiol-Disulfide Interchange and the Design of Strongly Reducing Dithiols", Burns, J. A. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112, 6296-6303.

283."Overproduction and Substrate Specificity of a Bacterial Fuculose-1-Phosphate Aldolase: A New Enzymatic Catalyst for Stereocontrolled Aldol Condensation", Ozaki, A., Toone, E. J., von der Osten, C. H., Sinskey, A. J. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112, 4970-4971.

282."Convenient Syntheses of Cytidine 5'-Triphosphate (CTP), Guanosine 5'-Triphosphate (GTP), and Uridine 5'-Triphosphate (UTP) and Their Use in the Preparation of UDP-Glucose, UDP-Glucuronic Acid, and GDP-Mannose", Simon, E. S., Grabowski, S. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Org. Chem., 1990, 55, 1834-1841.

281."Enzymes in Organic Synthesis", Waldmann, H., Grabowski, S., Simon, E. S. and Whitesides, G. M., in Enzymes in Industry, W. Gerhartz, Ed., VCH, Weinheim, 1990, 141-148.

280."Effective Molarity in Diffusion-Controlled Reactions", Mazor, M. H., Wong, C. F., McCammon, J. A., Deutch, J. M. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Phys. Chem., 1990, 94, 3807-3812.

279."Preparation of a Mixture of Nucleoside Triphosphates Suitable for Use in Synthesis of Nucleotide Phosphate Sugars from Ribonucleic Acid Using Nuclease P1, A Mixture of Nucleoside Monophosphokinases and Acetate Kinase", Haynie, S. L. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Biochem. Biotech., 1990, 23, 205-220.

278."Enzyme-Catalyzed Organic Synthesis of Sucrose and Trehalose with in situ Regeneration of UDP-Glucose", Haynie, S. L. and Whitesides, G. M., Appl. Biochem. Biotech., 1990, 23, 155-170.

277."Comparison of Rate Constants for Thiolate-Disulfide Interchange in Water and in Polar Aprotic Solvents Using Dynamic 1H NMR Line Shape Analysis", Singh, R. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112, 1190-1197.

276."Size of Alkyl Group R: Principal Factor Determining Wettability of Surface-Functionalized Polyethylenes (PE-CONHR and PE-CO2R) by Water", Wilson, M. D., Ferguson, G. S. and Whitesides, G. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112, 1244-1245.

275."Wet Chemical Approaches to the Characterization of Organic Surfaces: Self-Assembled Monolayers, Wetting and the Physical-Organic Chemistry of the Solid-Liquid Interface", Whitesides, G. M. and Laibinis, P. E., Langmuir, 1990, 6, 87-96.

274."X-Ray Specular Reflection Studies of Silicon Coated by Organic Monolayers (Alkylsiloxanes)", Tidswell, I. M., Ocko, B. M., Pershan, P. S., Wasserman, S. R., Whitesides, G. M. and Axe, J. D., Physical Reviews B, 1990, 41, 1111-1128.